人教版高中英语专题28 短文类03（正反观点型，利弊对比型，解决问题型）（解析版）.docx

专题28 短文类03（正反观点型，利弊对比型，解决问题型）（解析版）
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。论点、论据和论证是不可缺少的三要素。近年来，高考英语书面表达中对开放性议论文文体的考查有递增趋势。
第一段∶开头-—引论。用以引出一个令人关注的问题（topic），阐明观点或看法。
第二段∶主体——本论。全文的主要部分，对提出的问题进行分析、推论，运用材料对观点进行论述，使论点得到足够的支持。
第三段∶结尾—结论。对主体部分内容进行概括，明确论点所要解决、论证的问题。有时则是提出建议或给出解决问题的方法或策略。
议论文的写作较之于其他题材的文章相对有规律可循。而且文章的开头具有一定的共性，行文中段落的过渡和观点之间的转化也有相似之处。因此使用规律性的语句不但可以显得条理清楚，而且可以提高文章档次。
一、议论文(1)——正反观点型
Part 1：写作模板
1．导入主题
There is a widespread concern over the issue that (某个主题，需以句子形式呈现)．But it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.
2．正方观点
A majority of people approve of the opinion that (正方观点)．From their point of view，there are two factors contributing to this attitude，which are as follows：in the first place， (原因一)．Furthermore， (原因二)．
3．反方观点
On the contrary，some people differ in their opinions on this matter.They hold the view that (反方观点)．On the one hand， (原因一)．On the other hand， (原因二)．
4．阐明个人看法
As far as I am concerned，I think we should take immediate measures to (个人观点)．First of all， .In addition， .Only in this way can we .
【说明】文章结构
1．开头：提出问题；
2．主体：陈述不同的观点及其理由；
3．结尾：说明自己的观点。
Part 2：必背词句
1．第一段 开门见山，提出主题(1－2句)
We had a heated discussion about/on...
Different people hold different opinions.
Opinions are divided...
People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards...
People have different opinions on this problem.
People take different views on this question.
Recently, the problem of … has aroused people's concern.最近,……问题已引起人们的关注。
The Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题。
Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face. 如今，(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。
It is commonly believed that … / It is a common belief that …人们一般认为……
Many